How to Write a Case Law Answer in a University Law Exam

Examiners often ask specific case-oriented questions (e.g., "Critically analyze the principles laid down in Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India"). Treating this as a generic essay results in low marks; evaluators expect a structured Case Commentary layout.

### 1. Cause Title & Jurisprudential Context - State Case Name, Citation, Bench Composition (e.g., 7-Judge Constitutional Bench), and Overruled Precedents (A.K. Gopalan). - State the constitutional or statutory dispute in 2 sentences. ### 2. Material Facts & Issues Framed - Summarize the underlying facts in 4-5 numbered lines. - State the exact legal questions framed by the court. ### 3. Arguments Advanced & The Majority Ratio Decidendi - Briefly summarize Petitioner vs Respondent contentions. - Detail the Ratio Decidendi: The core legal doctrine articulated by the majority (e.g., Inter-relationship of Articles 14, 19, and 21 - The Golden Triangle). ### 4. Critical Appraisal & Subsequent Impact - Mention landmark subsequent rulings that expanded or applied this doctrine (Puttaswamy, Navtej Johar).